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巴勃罗·毕加索:不安分的艺术大师

原文作者:neil

  pablo picasso grew up in spain where he was born on october 25th, 1881. his father was a painter and art teacher. pablo liked to draw from an early age. legend has it that his first word was “piz,” short for “pencil” in spanish. it soon became 1)apparent that pablo had little interest in school, but was an extremely talented artist.
  when he was 14, picasso attended a famous art school in barcelona. a few years later he went to another school in madrid. however, picasso was bored with the classic teachings of art school. he didn’t want to paint like people hundreds of years ago. he wanted to create something new.
   in 1901, picasso’s close friend carlos casagemas 2)committed 3)suicide, after which pablo became very sad. around the same time he began painting in paris. for the next four years, his paintings were 4)dominated by the color blue. many of the subjects were sad and 5)somber looking. he painted people with 6)elongated features and faces. some of his paintings from this period(blue period) include poor people on the seashore and the old guitarist. [论文网] 
   eventually, picasso got over his depression. he also fell in love with a french model. he began to use warmer colors in his paintings including pinks, reds, oranges, and 7)beiges. art historians call this time in picasso’s life the rose period. he also began to paint happier scenes such as 8)circuses. some of his paintings from this period include the peasants and mother and child.
  in 1907, picasso produced a painting unlike anything he or anyone else had ever painted before, a work that would 9)profoundly 10)influence the direction of art in the 20th century: les demoiselles d’avignon. the painting is considered the 11)precursor to cubism注1, a style pioneered by picasso and georges braque注2. in cubism, the 12)subjects are 13)analyzed and broken up into different sections. then the 14)sections are put back together and painted from different 15)perspectives and angles.
   in 1912, picasso began to combine cubism and 16)collage. this was where he would use sand or plaster in his paint to give it texture. he would also 17)apply materials such as colored paper, newspapers, and wallpaper to his paintings to give them added dimension. some of picasso’s cubism paintings include three musicians and portrait of ambroise vollard.
   although picasso would continue to experiment with cubism, around 1921 he went through a period of painting more classical style paintings. he borrowed ideas from 18)renaissance painters such as raphael. he created powerful characters that almost appeared to be three-dimensional, like statues.

 around 1924, picasso became interested in the surrealist注3 movement. surrealist paintings weren’t supposed to make any sense. they often appear like something you would see in a dream or a nightmare. although picasso

didn’t become a member of the movement, he did 19)incorporate some of their ideas into his paintings. some people called this time his monster period. examples of the surrealism influence on picasso’s art include guernica and the red armchair.
  today, pablo picasso is considered the greatest artist of the 20th century. many people consider him to be one of the greatest in all of art history. he painted in a number of different styles and created many unique 20)contributions to the world of art. near the end of his life he painted a number of 21)self portraits. one of his last works of art was a self portrait done with crayon on paper entitled self-portrait facing death. he died a year later at the age of 91 on april 8th, 1973.
  巴勃罗·毕加索于1881年10月25日出生于西班牙,并在那里长大。wWW.11665.COm他的父亲是一名画家和美术老师。巴勃罗从小就喜欢画画。传闻他说出的第一个字就是“piz”,西班牙语中“铅笔”的简称。很快,人们就发现尽管巴勃罗对学校兴趣不大,却是一名非常有天赋的艺术家。
  14岁那年,毕加索入读巴塞罗那一间很有名的艺术学校,几年后又去了马德里的另一间学校学习。然而,艺术学校的传统教学方式令毕加索很厌倦。他不想像几百年前的人那样画画,他想创造一些新东西。
  1901年,毕加索的密友卡洛斯·卡萨吉玛斯自杀身亡,巴勃罗之后变得很悲伤。就在这个时期,他开始在巴黎作画。在接下来的四年里,他的画作以蓝色为主,许多主题都显得悲伤忧郁,而且经常把人的面容拉长。这一时期(“蓝色时期”)的作品包括《沙滩上的穷人》和《老吉他手》等。
  毕加索最终熬过了这段抑郁的日子,还爱上了一名法国模特。他开始在画中运用色调较暖的颜色,如粉红色、红色、橙色和米色。艺术史学家把毕加索的这段时期叫做“玫瑰时期”。他也开始画些开心一点的场景,例如马戏团。这一时期的作品包括《农夫》和《母与子》等。
  1907年,毕加索创作了一幅前无古人的画作,这幅作品将对20世纪的艺术方向产生重要影响,它就是《亚威农少女》。这幅画被认为是由毕加索和乔治·布拉克领导的立体主义的先驱。在立体主义中,主体被拆解成各个部分进行分析,这些部分而后又以全新的角度被重新组合起来。
  1912年,毕加索开始把立体主义和拼贴画糅合在一起。他会在自己的画中使用沙粒或塑料,赋予其质感。他还把彩色纸、报纸和墙纸等材料运用到画作当中,增加它们的立体感。毕加索的立体主义画作包括《三位音乐家》和《安布鲁瓦兹·沃拉尔肖像》等。
  虽然毕加索接下来继续探索立体主义,然而在1921年左右,他经历了一段偏向古典风格绘画的时期。他借用了拉斐尔等文艺复兴画家的理念,创作出犹如雕塑那样具有三维效果的有力形象。
  1924年左右,毕加索开始对超现实主义运动产生兴趣。实际上,超现实主义的绘画没有什么实际意义,它们呈现的往往是你在梦中或噩梦中才会见到的东西。虽然毕加索没有成为该运动的一员,但他的确将他们的一些理念融入到自己的画作当中。有人把他的这段时期称为“野兽时期”。其受超现实主义影响的画作有《格尔尼卡》和《红色扶手椅》等。今天,巴勃罗·毕加索被认为是20世纪最伟大的艺术家,很多人把他视为美术史上最伟大的画家之一。他使用了大量不同的风格作画,对美术界做出了很多特别的贡献。在去世前几年,他画了大量自画像。他的其中一幅遗作是用蜡笔在纸上画的自画像,名叫《面对死亡的自画像》。他在(完成该作品)一年后的1973年4月8日去世,享年91岁
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