原文作者：robert

　　无论是好莱坞大片里的中央情报局，还是邦德系列电影里的军情六处，抑或是前苏联闻名于世的克格勃，情报机构都充满了无尽的神秘色彩，让人很想一探究竟。下文就让我们一同来了解世界著名情报机构的真实面目和它们都在哪里安营扎寨。
 　　architecture is a language， one used by institutions to say something about themselves.
 　　the same basic principle is true for the world’s spy agencies. all show their secrecy in their buildings， while some may appear starkly utilitarian1）， and some may be frightening and alienating. but they also have their quirks and differences， whether it be an isolated complex2） hidden by trees， in a location that’s never been officially disclosed， or a prominent complex built by superstar architects and put on prominent display in the middle of a capital city.[论文网] 
 　　from virginia to berlin to moscow， here are six of them.
　　united states： central intelligence agency
　　john brennan， the new director of the cia is working from inside a complex that could blend into a business park anywhere in america. but this park contains the headquarters of america’s foreign intelligence agency.
 　　protected from prying eyes by a wooded belt in suburban langley， virginia， just northwest of washington， d.c.， the complex is actually two sets of buildings connected to a central core， with each set built at different times. the first half of the building， designed by new york architecture firm harrison and abramovitz—who had a role in designing the united nations headquarters—dates back to 1963. it’s a sign of its times， and built from sterile3） pre-fabricated concrete while the headquarters auditorium， also known as “the bubble” took its cue from4） post-war futurism. but by the 1980s， the agency was running out of space. today， the complex is much larger， with an added west wing of two glass office towers， designed by detroit architects smith， hinchman & grylls in the 1980s.
 　　the cia also has a penchant5） for art and assorted knick-knacks6）. the agency has a chunk7） of the berlin wall on display， and an a-12 oxcart spy plane. there’s a museum inside the building with all sorts of weird memorabilia8） inside， from a robotic fish to a cold war-era mini-submarine. outside the cafeteria9） on the grounds of the headquarters’ new wing is the copper sculpture kryptos， containing 869 encrypted10） characters on four plates. the final plate， with its 97 characters， is still unbroken. the cafeteria is remarkably pleasant and airy for a government building， with enormous windows and green views. the food， however， is not quite as pleasing.
 　　united kingdom： secret intelligence service

　　there’s perhaps no spy headquarters more recognizable than the sis building， headquarters of the british secret intelligence service， or mi6. it’s not only smack-dab11） in the middle of london， but has been featured in six james bond movies， and blown up in two of them. designed by architect terry farrell， the str

ucture has been compared to a cross between a babylonian ziggurat12） and a power plant. and it’s built like a veritable fortress， capable of withstanding bomb attacks. there are also reportedly extensive underground areas.
 　　it’s also put its defenses to use. in september 2000， militants suspected to be from the real irish republican army—a splinter13） faction of the irish paramilitary group—fired a rocket-propelled grenade round at the building’s eighth floor， causing no injuries. in a demonstration of just how heavily armored the building is， the rocket reportedly bounced off a glass window.
 　　russia： federal security service
　　the lubyanka building—the yellow， neo-baroque former headquarters of russia’s spies—is still the most recognizable symbol of russian secrecy， even if the bulk of their office space has moved elsewhere. dating to 1897， the building once housed an insurance company before becoming the headquarters for the feared soviet spy agency kgb. it was remodeled by stalin. （the basement contained a kgb prison.） the building was then transferred to the kgb’s successor agency， the federal security service （fsb）， after the collapse of the ussr.
 　　according to cybersecurity analyst jeffrey carr’s book inside cyber warfare： mapping the cyber underworld， the building today houses the fsb’s communications security center， which oversees and encrypts russian government computer security systems； and the center for licensing， certification， and protection of state secrets， which handles export licenses for cryptographic14） and surveillance15） technology. twin suicide bombing attacks in 2010 also came close to the building—one of the blasts exploded at the nearby lubyanka metro station.
 　　israel： mossad
　　the israeli institute for intelligence and special operations， known around the world as mossad， is one of the most difficult spy agencies to locate. in israel， it’s a closely guarded state secret， and attempts by amateur sleuths16） on the internet have frequently misidentified its headquarters. but there are some indications its location has been figured out. an apparent former mossad agent claimed to have revealed its location in 1987， at a highway intersection called glilot junction. in journalist patrick tyler’s 2012 book fortress israel， he described mossad’s headquarters as a “partially hidden campus of low-slung17） office buildings sandwiched between the glilot highway junction， a cineplex18）， and a shopping center.” the buildings seen above appear to fit the location and description， and the building at top is indeed a cineplex， but it’s not for certain whether it’s really mossad.

　　germany： federal intelligence service
　　germany’s chief spy agency， which in german goes by the name bundesnachrichtendienst （bnd）， is proud of its spiffy19） new headquarters. abc has reported that it’s “set to be one of the most technologically sophisticated buildings in the world” once it opens in

2014. located within walking distance of the reichstag building in berlin and on the site of a former east german soccer stadium， the bnd has even gone online to show off its facades20） of “natural stone， render， fair-faced concrete， brick or metal.” it has room for 4，000 employees， and has weird blob21） art.
 　　but the design is also perhaps more open than the germans would like. in july 2011， munich news magazine focus reported that the building’s blueprints were stolen from the construction site. according to focus， the blueprints contained “the exact function of every single room， the thickness of each wall， the exact position of every toilet and every emergency exit and every security checkpoint.” the theft hasn’t ended berlin’s plans. however， it was reported to have forced an estimated $1.8 billion interior redesign.
 　　france： directorate-general for external security
　　this walled compound22） doesn’t stand out—because it’s not supposed to. it would be an ordinary and undistinguished complex of buildings， if you ignore the high walls topped with spikes and a tall sensor tower. located on the eastern edge of the paris city limits is the headquarters for the french directorate-general for external security （dgse）， the agency responsible for france’s overseas intelligence works. its headquarters are also nicknamed “the swimming pool” for its proximity23） to a facility used by the french swimming federation， and google maps has even blurred24） its image in satellite photographs.
 　　建筑是一门语言，各个机构用它来讲述自己的故事。WwW.11665.Com
　　这一基本原则也同样适用于全世界的间谍机构。所有的间谍机构都通过其所在的大楼彰显自身的神秘性，只是其中有些看起来可能纯粹追求实用，而另一些看起来则可能让人望而生畏、敬而远之。但是，无论是藏身树丛、其所在地从未被正式披露过的偏僻楼群，还是由明星建筑师设计建造、显眼地展示在首都中心区域的宏伟楼群，这些建筑物也都有各自的怪异和差别之处。
 　　从弗吉尼亚州到柏林再到莫斯科，本文介绍的就是世界六大间谍机构的总部。
　　美国：中央情报局
　　新任中情局局长约翰·布伦南工作所在的楼群普通得能够融入美国任何一个地方的商业园区。只不过，这个园区内设有美国对外情报机构的总部。
　　该楼群位于弗吉尼亚州的兰利郊区，就在华盛顿特区的西北部，楼群被一片林木带遮挡，窥探的眼睛难以见其真容。该楼群实际上由两组建于不同时期的大楼与一栋核心大楼连接而成。大楼前半部分的建造可追溯至1963年，由纽约哈里森和阿布拉莫维茨建筑公司设计，该公司曾经参与联合国总部的设计。这组大楼是那个时代的标志，用毫无想象力的预制混凝土建造而成。不过，被称作“气泡”的总部礼堂倒是借鉴了战后的未来主义风格。但到了20世纪80年代，中情局的办公空间就渐渐不够用了。今天的楼群比以前要大得多，西侧新增了两栋玻璃办公塔楼，由底特律的史密斯、欣奇曼与格里尔斯建筑公司于20世纪80年代设计。
 　　中情局还偏爱艺术和各种小摆设。该机构的展示品包括一大块柏林墙和一架a-12“牛车”间谍飞机。大楼内部设有一个博物馆，里面收藏了各种怪异的纪念品，从机器鱼到冷战时期的微型潜艇，应有尽有。在总部新建侧楼庭院里的自助餐厅外面，有一座名为“克里普托斯”的铜雕，雕塑的四块板上含有869个加密字符。最后一块板上有97个字符，至今仍未被破译。对于一栋政府大楼而言，这里的自助餐厅非常宜人，通风也非常良好，这里还有巨大的窗户，窗外绿意盎然。不过，餐厅的饭菜就没这么令人愉悦了。

　　英国：秘密情报局
　　或许没有哪个间谍机构的总部比秘密情报局大楼更容易辨认的了，它是英国秘密情报局（或称为军情六处）的总部。该大楼不仅位于伦敦市正中心，而且曾在六部詹姆斯·邦德系列电影中出现过，在其中两部中还被炸毁了。大楼由建筑师特里·法雷尔设计，被人们比作巴比伦塔庙和发电厂的结合体。它建得像一个名副其实的堡垒，能抵御炸弹袭击。据报道，大楼还有广阔的地下区域。
 　　大楼还曾动用其防御工事。2000年9月，疑似来自真爱尔兰共和军——从爱尔兰准军事组织中分裂出来的一个派别——的武装分子向大楼的八层发射了一枚火箭推进榴弹，未造成人员伤亡。据称，当时火箭弹从大楼的玻璃窗上弹开了，这就证明了大楼有多么固若金汤。
 　　俄罗斯：联邦安全局
　　卢比扬卡大厦是一座新巴洛克风格的黄色大楼，是俄罗斯的前间谍总部。即便现在总部的大部分办公地点已经迁至他处，但卢比扬卡大厦仍是俄罗斯机密的最知名象征。该大厦始建于1897年，在成为令人闻风丧胆的前苏联间谍机构克格勃的总部之前，它曾是一家保险公司的所在地，后来斯大林对其进行了改造。（大厦的地下室设有一座克格勃监狱）。在前苏联解体后，该大厦被移交给了克格勃的后继机构——联邦安全局。
 　　据网络安全分析师杰弗里·卡尔所著的《网络战内幕：揭秘网络黑社会》一书称，如今这栋大楼

内设有联邦安全局的通信安全中心（负责监控俄罗斯政府的计算机安全系统并为其加密）和国家秘密许可、认证与保护中心（负责处理加密和监控技术的出口许可）。2010年，在这栋大楼附近也发生了两起自杀性爆炸袭击——其中一起爆炸发生在附近的卢比扬卡地铁站。
 　　以色列：摩萨德
　　以色列情报和特殊使命局，即全世界闻名的摩萨德，是最难定位的间谍机构之一。在以色列，这是一个讳莫如深的国家秘密，互联网上的一些业余侦探曾试图确认其总部位置，却都弄错了。但也有一些迹象表明，其位置已经被弄清。1987年，一个疑似前摩萨德特工的人声称，他已经透露了摩萨德的位置——在名为格里劳特交叉口的一处公路路口。记者帕特里克·泰勒2012年出版了《堡垒之国以色列》一书，他在书中将摩萨德总部描述为在一个“有着低矮办公楼的半遮半掩的大院里，夹在格里劳特公路交叉口、影城以及购物中心之间。”上图中的建筑物似乎符合书中的位置和描述，而且图片上方的建筑的确是一个影城，只是无法确定这里是否真的是摩萨德。
 　　德国：联邦情报局
　　德国的主要间谍机构联邦情报局（在德语中被称为bundesnachrichtendienst，简称bnd）为其漂亮的新总部而自豪。美国广播公司曾报道，该总部一旦在2014年投入使用，将“成为世界上技术最尖端的建筑之一”。联邦情报局位于柏林，距离德国国会大厦只有几步之遥，其原址是前东德足球场。联邦情报局甚至开始在网上炫耀它那用“天然石材、砂浆、清水混凝土、砖或金属”建成的大楼外观。大楼可以容纳四千名员工，还用怪异的涂抹艺术进行装饰。
 　　不过，该总部设计方案的公开程度或许比德国人希望的要高。2011年7月，慕尼黑的新闻杂志《焦点》报道称，这栋大楼的设计蓝图在施工现场被盗了。据《焦点》称，蓝图包括“每个房间的确切功能，每堵墙壁的厚度，每个卫生间、每个紧急出口以及每个安全检查站的确切位置。”失窃事故并未终结德国政府的施工计划，但据称此事迫使德国政府斥资约18亿美元对楼内重新进行了设计。
 　　法国：对外安全总局
　　这处由围墙环绕的区域并不突出——因为它不能太显眼。如果你忽略插满尖刺的高墙和高耸的探测塔，那么这里就是一处平常、不起眼的建筑群。法国对外安全总局的总部坐落于巴黎市区的东部边缘，该机构主要负责法国的海外情报工作。其总部也被戏称为“游泳池”，因为它靠近法国游泳联合会使用的一处设施，谷歌地图甚至对其卫星照片进行了模糊处理。
 　　1. utilitarian [ju??t?l??te?ri?n] adj. （物体、建筑等）实用的
　　2. complex [?k?mpleks] n. 建筑群
　　3. sterile [?stera?l] adj. 枯燥乏味的；缺少想象力、创造力或生气的
　　4. take one’s cue from：学……的样；从……处得到暗示
　　5. penchant [?pent??nt] n. 特别的喜好，倾向
　　6. knick-knack [?n?k?n?k] n. 小装饰品；小摆设
　　7. chunk [t???k] n. 大块
　　8. memorabilia [?mem（?）r??b?li?] n. 值得纪念的事物，纪念品
　　9. cafeteria [?k?f??t??ri?] n. 自助餐厅
　　10. encrypt [?n?kr?pt] vt. 把……加密
　　11. smack-dab：恰好，不偏不倚地
　　12. ziggurat [?z?g?r?t] n. （古代亚述和巴比伦人的）金字形神塔
　　13. splinter [?spl?nt?（r）] n. （因意见不和从大的团体中分裂出来的）小派别
　　14. cryptographic [kr?p?t?ɡr?fik] adj. 使用密码的
　　15. surveillance [s?（r）?ve?l?ns] n. 监视，监督
　　16. sleuth [slu?θ] n. 侦探
　　17. low-slung：建得很低的；矮的
　　18. cineplex [?s?n?pleks] n. 多观众厅电影院
　　19. spiffy [?sp?fi] adj. 好看的，漂亮的
　　20. facade [f??sɑ?d] n. 表面，外观
　　21. blob [bl?b] n. （颜料的）一抹，（颜料溅污的）斑点
　　22. compound [?k?mpa?nd] n. 作特定用途的围地
　　23. proximity [pr?k?s?m?ti] n. 接近，邻近
　　24. blur [bl??（r）] vt. 把（界线、视线等）弄得模糊不清